A genetic subgroup analysis of more than 13,500 participants has found a potential link between aspirin use and reduced dementia risk, Monash University researchers report. In the subgroup, dementia occurred in 1 per cent of aspirin users compared with 3.3 per cent among non-users.

The study, published in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia, also found major bleeding in 4.4 per cent of aspirin users versus 2.1 per cent in the comparison group. Researchers stress the findings show an association in a specific genetic subgroup and do not mean people should start taking aspirin to prevent dementia.

Aspirin carries bleeding risks and should only be used on medical advice. The results may help guide future trials into whether certain people could benefit from aspirin, but they are not a basis for self-medication. The team says the bleeding risk means aspirin must remain a decision for doctors and patients together, based on individual risk profiles.