Politics
How India’s President Is Elected: The Electoral College Formula Explained
India's President is elected by MPs and MLAs in an electoral college, not by direct vote. Here is how the vote-value formula…
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Politics
How India’s Vice-President Is Elected: The Electoral College Explained
India's Vice-President is elected by MPs of both Houses through proportional representation. Here is how the electoral college, voting and removal process…
Politics
President’s Rule Explained: How Article 356 Works and Why It Is Controversial
Article 356 lets the Centre take over a state's government, but its history of misuse makes it one of India's most controversial…
Politics
How State Assemblies Work in India: Chief Ministers, Governors and the Vidhan Sabha
State assemblies shape daily life for most Indians. This guide explains the Vidhan Sabha, how MLAs are elected and the roles of…
Politics
Panchayati Raj Explained: How India’s Three-Tier Village Government Works
Panchayati Raj brings democracy to India's villages through a three-tier system of local bodies. Here is how gram panchayats, samitis and zila…
Politics
Municipal Governance in India: How Urban Local Bodies Are Elected and Funded
Urban local bodies run India's cities, managing water, waste and roads. Here is how municipalities are elected, what they do and how…
Politics
How EVMs and VVPATs Work: The Technology Behind Indian Elections
EVMs and VVPATs conduct the world's largest elections. This explainer covers how the machines work, their security features and the debate on…
Politics
NOTA in India: What Happens When Voters Choose None of the Above
NOTA lets Indian voters reject every candidate on the ballot. This explainer covers its 2013 origins, how votes are counted and whether…
Politics
First Past the Post Explained: Why India’s Voting System Rewards the Largest Parties
India elects its lawmakers through first past the post, where the most votes wins. This explainer covers how the system works and…
Politics
How the Election Commission of India Works: Powers, Independence and Appointment
The Election Commission runs the world's largest elections. This guide explains its powers, how its members are appointed and how independent it…