Doctors have a new name for one of the most common hormonal conditions in women. Here is what PMOS means and why it matters. PCOS stood for polycystic ovary syndrome. The new name is polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, or PMOS. Polyendocrine means many hormone systems are involved. Metabolic refers to blood sugar and insulin. Ovarian keeps the link to reproductive health. The rename came in a global consensus published in The Lancet in May 2026. Fifty-six medical and patient groups backed it. Experts said the old name was misleading. The word cyst wrongly suggested the ovaries were full of cysts. The structures seen on scans are not true cysts. The old name also hid the condition’s wider effects on metabolism. That contributed to delayed diagnosis and fragmented care. Up to 70 per cent of affected women may be undiagnosed. What changes for patients? Nothing clinically. Diagnosis and treatment stay exactly the same. A three-year transition period is now under way, with both names in use.