El Niño Warning Explained: Why WMO Is Alarmed

The World Meteorological Organization has warned of a very strong El Niño. It could be the strongest since the 1950s. Here is what that means.
El Niño is a natural warming of Pacific Ocean waters. It happens every few years. It changes weather patterns around the world.
A strong El Niño can cause droughts in some regions and floods in others. It can push global temperatures to new records. Food crops and water supplies are at risk.
The WMO says there is a near-100 per cent chance this El Niño will last through February 2027. Pacific temperatures could hit record levels.
For India, El Niño often means a weaker monsoon. It can also bring heatwaves and uneven rainfall.
The last major El Niño events caused billions in damage worldwide. Early preparation can reduce the impact.
El Nino alternates with La Nina, its cooler counterpart. Together they form the ENSO cycle. Scientists use ocean buoys and satellites to track it. Forecasts have improved but exact impacts remain hard to predict.
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