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Chandrayaan-3’s Legacy: What Vikram and Pragyan Found at the Lunar South Pole
Chandrayaan-3 made India the first nation to land near the Moon's south pole. Here is what Vikram and Pragyan discovered in two…
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Plasma: The Fourth State of Matter, From Stars to Neon Signs
Stars, lightning and neon signs are plasma, the fourth state of matter and the commonest in the universe. The physics of electrified…
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Why Mars Landings Are So Hard: The Seven Minutes of Terror Explained
Landing on Mars means surviving seven minutes of terror with no human help. This is why Mars landings remain the hardest trick…
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Superconductivity: The Quest for Electricity Without Resistance
Superconductors carry current forever and levitate magnets, but only near absolute zero. The century-long quest for room-temperature superconductivity.
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Black Holes Explained: Event Horizons, Hawking Radiation and the First Photos
Black holes warp space and time themselves. From event horizons to Hawking radiation and the first historic photos, here is what science…
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The Science of Sound: From Vibrations to Music
Sound is vibration in air, yet becomes speech, music and emotion. From eardrums to concert halls, the physics and biology of how…
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Dark Matter: The Invisible Substance That Holds Galaxies Together
Dark matter outweighs everything we can see, yet no one has detected it directly. Here is the case for the universe's invisible…
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Rayleigh Scattering: Why the Sky Is Blue and Sunsets Are Red
Blue noon skies and red sunsets are one phenomenon: Rayleigh scattering. How air molecules paint the heavens, explained by 19th-century physics.
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How Astronomers Find Exoplanets Light-Years From Earth
Astronomers have found over 5,000 exoplanets without ever seeing most of them. Here are the clever tricks used to find worlds light-years…
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Nuclear Radiation Explained: Alpha, Beta, Gamma and What They Do to You
Alpha, beta, gamma: three radiations, three very different risks. What nuclear radiation does to the body, where the real dangers lie, and…