India and Canada have agreed to deepen security cooperation, signalling a cautious reset in ties that were badly strained over the past two years.

The agreement covers intelligence sharing, law enforcement coordination and action against extremist networks. Both sides said the step would help address each other’s core security concerns, which have been at the heart of the diplomatic rift.

Relations nosedived after Canada accused Indian agents of involvement in the killing of a Khalistani separatist on Canadian soil, a charge India rejected as absurd. The row led to expelled diplomats, frozen trade talks and angry public exchanges.

Business and diaspora communities on both sides have pushed for normalisation. Canada hosts one of the largest Indian diasporas in the world, and Indian students form a huge share of its international enrolments.

Diplomats say the security pact is a first step, not a full reconciliation. Trust remains fragile, and both governments will be judged on whether cooperation on the ground matches the promises made at the table.